Comprehensive information on Nitrogen Use Efficiency for cereal crop production By Plant Variability in Corn Grain Yield (46 transects)

 T&L Lateral Move system, Lake Carl Blackwell
Lake Carl Blackwell corn Lake Carl Blackwell corn Lake Carl Blackwell corn Lake Carl Blackwell corn Lake Carl Blackwell corn Soil Fertility Research

Plant to Plant Variability in Corn Production (Agron. J. 97:1603-1611) (pdf)

Irrigation Manual, T&L Lateral Move system, Lake Carl Blackwell, prepared by Jared Crain

Lake Carl Blackwell Corn Experiments, T&L Lateral Irrigation System (pictures)

By-Plant Yield Prediction in Corn Production Systems
Predicting By-Plant Corn Yields

Sources:
http://faostat.fao.org/
http://www.usda.gov/nass/nasshome.htm

 
transect length: 30m                
OKLAHOMA                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std. Dev Max/Min CV
    kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha   %
Perkins-Kyle 2004 2004 1 684.82 4556.38 2725.48 972.79 6.65 36
Lake Carl Blackwell 2003 3 711.62 6680.19 3448.77 1483.63 9.39 43
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 4 1293.41 8583.40 4093.69 1484.69 6.64 36
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 5 1094.46 9069.39 4360.87 1419.29 8.29 33
Lake Carl Blackwell 2003 4 1126.86 10940.16 4539.05 2316.58 9.71 51
Hennessey 2004 2 651.59 8140.50 4631.17 1850.56 12.49 40
Hennessey 2004 1 1399.42 8871.36 4678.98 1587.36 6.34 34
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 3 548.56 10190.88 4854.80 1537.67 18.58 32
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 6 1926.66 8810.50 5059.42 1365.76 4.57 27
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 1 471.21 11213.38 5783.17 2466.17 23.80 43
EFAW 2004 4 2157.53 10146.65 5806.38 1576.39 4.70 27
Lake Carl Blackwell 2004 2 1472.33 12824.38 5847.75 2631.68 8.71 45
<100 bu/ac                
Average (kg/ha)     1128.21 9168.93 4652.46 1724.38 9.99 37.16
Average (bu/ac)     17.99 146.19 74.18 27.49    
    kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha   %
EFAW 2004 3 3655.76 10962.27 6222.85 1313.87 3.00 21
Efaw-Kyle 2004 2004 1 3579.89 9524.67 6223.19 1484.20 2.66 24
EFAW 2003 2 1962.65 10310.43 6231.32 1852.61 5.25 30
EFAW 2003 1 635.24 15118.78 6479.62 2240.93 23.80 35
EFAW 2003 3 2061.88 15678.72 6589.05 2364.50 7.60 36
EFAW 2003 4 1536.23 13176.94 6954.43 2509.29 8.58 36
EFAW 2004 1 1481.81 19129.25 8758.57 2920.29 12.91 33
EFAW 2004 2 665.83 19062.03 8942.83 2649.43 28.63 30
>100 bu/ac                
Average (kg/ha)     1947.41 14120.39 7050.23 2166.89 11.55 30.53
Average (bu/ac)     31.05 225.13 112.41 34.55    
               
transect length: 15-23m                
IOWA, NEBRASKA                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
    kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha   %
Shelton, Nebraska 2004 1 2186.02 23474.88 9965.95 4113.82 10.74 41
Shelton, Nebraska 2004 2 755.04 20801.35 5725.80 3813.87 27.55 67
Ames, Iowa 2004 East 2099.26 22336.35 8832.30 3523.17 10.64 40
Ames, Iowa 2004 West 2448.98 18081.40 8757.68 3187.54 7.38 36
               
Average:      1872.33 21173.49 8320.43 3659.60 14.08 46.04
Average (bu/ac)     29.85 337.59 132.66 58.35    
               
removing the 2nd row which doesn't count 35.79 339.57 146.45 57.53 9.59  
               
transect length: 2 rows, 6.1 m (20ft) = 12.2 m                
NEBRASKA, Phillips                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
    kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha kg/ha   %
Eghball 1-2 2004 1 8108 24038 15233 3593 2.96 24
Eghball 3-4 2004 3 5618 21620 14251 2337 3.85 16
Eghball 5-6 2004 5 4978 19984 15199 3156 4.01 21
Eghball 7-8 2004 7 7325 21478 13931 3309 2.93 24
Eghball 9-10 2004 9 9459 20340 13300 2237 2.15 17
               
Average:      7097.55 21492.00 14382.80 2926.40 3.18 20.26
Average (bu/ac)     113.16 342.67 229.32 46.66    
               
transect length: 27m                
MEXICO                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
El Batan 2001   1 251 8709 4355 2206 35 51
El Batan 2001   2 1128 8897 4306 1759 8 41
El Batan 2001   3 439 10714 4142 1841 24 44
               
Average:      605.68 9440.27 4267.79 1935.31 22.36 45.32
Average (bu/ac)     9.66 150.51 68.05 30.86    
               
transect length: 7m                
ARGENTINA                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
Argentina 1,4,5     1114.3 45650.8 13609.0 6417.4 41.0 47.2
Argentina 12, 13, 14     1041.5 31758.2 10870.6 4505.6 30.5 41.4
Argentina, 16, 17, 20     1248.7 25127.4 9151.2 4133.8 20.1 45.2
Argentina 21, 22, 25     1934.1 19790.5 10848.4 3738.6 10.2 34.5
Argentina 27, 29, 30     4363.6 20352.9 9912.5 3107.7 4.7 31.4
Argentina 31, 33, 35     5639.8 35523.8 14061.2 4465.7 6.3 31.8
Argentina 41, 42, 43     2670.1 14238.1 8111.7 2911.0 5.3 35.9
Argentina 46, 49, 50     3064.0 25873.0 13139.0 3779.7 8.4 28.8
Argentina 56, 57, 60     4175.1 34211.2 13594.1 4842.3 8.2 35.6
               
Average:      2805.69 28058.44 11477.51 4211.29 14.97 36.85
Average (bu/ac)     44.73 447.36 183.00 67.14    
               
transect length: 8.1m                
OHIO                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
Ohio 1     2066.28 19458.99 9759.43 4367.00 9.42 33.77
               
transect length:                
Virginia                
Location Year Row # Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
Virginia     4753.721606 18136.84017 11456.39185 3248.974904 3.815292874 28.35949526
Virginia     5072.473837 17949.31301 9986.964474 3189.009285 3.538571827 31.93171752
Virginia     7477.60728 24552.64197 13009.05038 3149.920877 3.283489097 24.2133037
Virginia     8084.244751 18837.44716 13043.08296 2264.365205 2.330143105 17.36065938
               
    AVG. AVG.        
All Sites (45 transects)     Min Yield  Max Yield  Mean Yield Std Dev Max/Min CV
    2752.55 17281.01 8495.28 2765.76 11.06 34.32
  2003      
  Maize Production Area Harvested Average Yield
  Mt ha Mt/ha bu/ac
World 638,043,432 142,685,295 4.47 71.3
USA 256,904,560 28,789,240 8.92 142.28
Argentina 15,040,000 2,322,857 6.47 103.23
Mexico 19,652,416 7,780,880 2.53 40.27
Iowa 47,869,328 4,858,300 9.85 157.1
Nebraska 28,564,065 3,117,409 9.16 146.09
Ohio 10,835,086 1,242,914 8.72 139.03
Oklahoma 603,448 76,923 7.84 125.08


 

Average corn grain yields plotted by plant, every 2 plants, every 3 plants and every 4 plants, Ames, IA 2004.

Corn grain yields plotted over fixed distances (15-30 cm) and every 1 and 2 plants using actual distances, Shelton, NE 2004
 

 

 

Min: 635 kg/ha
Max: 15118 kg/ha
Mean: 6479 kg/ha
Std. Dev: 2240 kg/ha (35.7 bu/ac)
Max/Min: 23.8X

Min: 1962 kg/ha
Max: 10310 kg/ha
Mean: 6231 kg/ha
Std. Dev: 1852 kg/ha
Max/Min: 5.25X

Min: 2061
Max: 15678
Mean: 6589
Std. Dev: 2364
Max/Min: 7.60X

Min: 1536
Max: 13176
Mean: 6954
Std. Dev: 2509
Max/Min: 8.57X
 

Min: 711
Max: 6680
Mean: 3448
Std. Dev: 1483
Max/Min: 9.38X

Min: 1126
Max: 10940
Mean: 4539
Std. Dev: 2316
Max/Min: 9.71X

Min: 1481
Max: 19129
Mean: 8758
Std. Dev: 2920
Max/Min: 12.91X

Min: 665
Max: 19062
Mean: 8942
Std. Dev: 2649
Max/Min: 28.63X
 

Min: 3655
Max: 10962
Mean: 6222
Std. Dev: 1313
Max/Min: 3.00


Min: 2157
Max: 10146
Mean: 5806
Std. Dev: 1576
Max/Min: 4.70X

Min: 2186
Max: 23474
Mean: 9965
Std. Dev: 4113
Max/Min: 10.73X

Min: 755
Max: 20801
Mean: 5725
Std. Dev: 3813
Max/Min: 27.55X
 

Min: 2099
Max: 22336
Mean: 8832
Std. Dev: 3523
Max/Min: 10.64X

min: 2066.282328
max: 19458.98923
mean: 9759.432918
stdev: 3296.134618
max/min: 9.417391304
cv: 33.77


Min: 2448
Max: 18081
Mean: 8757
Std. Dev: 3187
Max/Min: 7.38X

Min: 471
Max: 11213
Mean: 5783
Std. Dev: 2466
Max/Min: 23.79X

Min: 1472
Max: 12824
Mean: 5847
Std. Dev: 2631
Max/Min: 8.71X

Min: 548
Max: 10190
Mean: 4854
Std. Dev: 1537
Max/Min: 18.57X

Min: 1293
Max: 8583
Mean: 4093
Std. Dev: 1484
Max/Min: 6.63X

Min: 1094
Max: 9069
Mean: 4360
Std. Dev: 1419
Max/Min: 8.28X

Min: 1926
Max: 8810
Mean: 5059
Std. Dev: 1365
Max/Min: 4.57X

Min: 1399
Max: 8871
Mean: 4678
Std. Dev: 1587
Max/Min: 6.34X

Min: 651
Max: 8140
Mean: 4631
Std. Dev: 1850
Max/Min: 12.49X

Min: 684
Max: 4556
Mean: 2725
Std. Dev: 972
Max/Min: 6.65

Min: 3579
Max 9524
Mean: 6223
Std. Dev 1484
Max/Min: 2.66

 

 

By-plant-yield (entire plants, stalk+ear harvested at the base) over 6 m of row, and corresponding NDVI sensor readings collected from this exact same area at the 7 leaf and 10 leaf growth stages, 87 and 70 days earlier, Texcoco, Mexico, 2002.  Variation in yield over 8 meter of row was 0.01 to 0.41 (>10X)


By-plant yields, El Batan, Mexico, 2002, over 25 m of row (range 0.03 to 0.42) (Row #4)
CIMMYT Corn hybrid CMS-939083

 

 

Shelton, NE, MSEA Site, USDA-ARS 2004.  Work by Paul Hodgen, Kent Martin, and Kyle Freeman has shown that SPAD readings taken "by-plant" at V16 were highly correlated with final "by-plant" grain yields. This relationship would not have been observed unless the by-plant resolution had been used.

Reproducibility of NDVI readings over 16m using an on-board shaft encoder, with 50 corn plants sensed at the 7-leaf growth stage on May 23, 2003, Perkins, OK.

by-plant variability in corn, MSEA site, Shelton, NE

by-plant variability in corn, Ames, IA

 
Comprehensive information on Nitrogen Use Efficiency for cereal crop production